SJ Business Research Africa (SJ-Business) is an open-access international journal published by SJC Publishers Company Limited. The journal has both Online (ISSN:3006-354X) and Print (ISSN:3006-3531) Medium. The journal includes all disciplines of business research to narrow the knowledge gap in Africa, and the world at large. Aim and scope: SJ Business Research Africa aims to advance scholarly knowledge and practical understanding of business dynamics across the African continent and the world at large. The journal publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed research that addresses critical issues in management, finance, marketing, entrepreneurship, and economics within African contexts. It seeks to foster interdisciplinary dialogue and provide insights that inform policy, business strategies, and economic development. By highlighting unique challenges and opportunities, SJ Business Research Africa aspires to be a leading platform for academics, practitioners, and policymakers dedicated to the sustainable growth and global integration of African businesses. Publishing with us will make your research findings available online as soon as the publication is made. We promise high review quality and international visibility of your research findings.
To Investigate the Influence of On-The Job Training on Performance of Local Government Employees: A case of Katabi Town Council, Wakiso District Uganda.
Background: Training is an important part of ensuring that local government employees have the skills and deliver high-quality services to residents; the study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted as a case of Katabi Town Council. The study objective was to investigate the influence of on-the job training on the performance of local government employees in Katabi town council, Uganda. Methods: The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional research design to help explain the current situation on training and employee performance, and analyzed the inherent problem when dealing with quantitative data. Area of Study: The study was conducted at Katabi Town Council, located 30 kilometers southwest of Kampala along Entebbe international airport high way. The data were collected from 18th to 27th January 2025. Results: The findings indicated that there are on-the-job training programs in the workplace of respondents. There were also uncertainties where some respondents were not sure of the existence of on-the-job training, and some disagreed totally on these trainings being effective when it comes to influencing the way work is done, because some of the trainings do not have clear objectives. Conclusion: The study concluded that the association between on-the-job training and employee performance revealed that Katabi Town Council was still facing challenges with the development of the right training content and training methods. Recommendation: The study recommends that on-the-job training be emphasized for the Town Council to meet set training objectives and governmental goals.
Copyright (c) 2026 Patrick Cemari, Mark Namayo, Dr. Celestine Lindrio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Relationship between risk assessment and performance of projects in non-government organizations in South Sudan. A cross-sectional study.
Background: The study aimed to determine the relationship between risk Assessment and performance of projects in NGOs in South Sudan. Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The target population comprised 220 NGO staff, from which a sample of 136 respondents was selected using stratified, purposive, and simple random sampling. Primary data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions, while secondary data were obtained from documents and literature. Instruments were pretested for validity and reliability, achieving acceptable Cronbach’s alpha values above 0.7. Data were analyzed using SPSS for quantitative data and content analysis for qualitative data, adhering to ethical standards Results: Out of 136 sampled respondents, 120 returned completed questionnaires, yielding a response rate of 88.89%, exceeding the recommended 70% threshold. Age analysis showed 40% were 31-40 years, 22% were 41-50 years, 24% were 20-30 years, 12% were above 50, and 2% below 20. Educationally, 67.5% held bachelor’s degrees, 20.83% postgraduate qualifications, 10% diplomas, and 1.67% secondary certificates. Regarding experience, 34% had worked 1-5 years, 33% 5-10 years, 21% over 10 years, and 13% less than one year. Project officers constituted 48% of respondents, followed by finance officers (18%) and supervisors (15%). Risk assessment affected project performance to a great extent (37%) and a very great extent (32%). Regression results showed risk prevention had a positive, significant effect on performance (β=0.175, t=3.712, p<0.001). Non-response accounted for 11.11%, while university and postgraduate respondents together represented 88.33% of the total sample population. Characteristics were consistent. Conclusion: Risk Assessment has a positive and significant effect on the performance of the projects. Recommendation: Project management should fully integrate systematic risk assessment practices into project implementation to identify, analyze, and prioritize potential risks early.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gloria Meliku, Nelson Wani, Salongo Kateregga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Procurement budgeting and quality of service delivery in the Ministry of Education and Sports. A cross-sectional study.
Background. Effective procurement budgeting is essential for the timely acquisition of goods and services; however, public entities often experience budget ceilings, delayed releases, and unpredictable funding, which may undermine service delivery. This study examined the influence of procurement budgeting on the quality-of-service delivery in the Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES) of South Sudan. Methodology. A case study design was used where quantitative and qualitative approaches were adopted on a population of 89 subjects consisting of accounting officers, contracts committee members, user department heads, heads of units and sections, and PDU staff. The study used purposive and census sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires, interviewing respondents, and documentary review approaches. This was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses. Results. Respondents were predominantly male (72.9%), with 57.1% holding university degrees. Procurement budgeting practices revealed strengths such as the preparation of annual work plans (Mean = 3.87) and integration of procurement plans into sector expenditure programs (Mean = 3.94). Service delivery was rated low on tangibility and reliability, with mean scores for physical facilities (2.10), communication materials (2.10), timely services (1.96), and supplier reliability (2.10). Correlation results revealed a moderate positive relationship between procurement budgeting and service delivery (r = 0.355, p = 0.003). Regression analysis showed that procurement budgeting predicted 11.3% of the variance in service delivery (Adjusted R² = 0.113). Conclusion The study revealed that Procurement budgeting had a moderately significant relationship with the quality of service delivery. Recommendation. The MoES and other PDEs in their procurement budgeting should: In view of the limited resources, priorities should be clearly set out and adhered to in each financial year in the entity.
Section of Operational and information management.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jaden Frank Baba, Richard Ssemanda, Salongo Katerega https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Risk management practices and performance of projects of NGOS in South Sudan. A cross-sectional case study of the Safe Network Project in AAH-1.
Background. Effective risk management is widely recognized as an essential determinant of project success, yet many organizations continue to experience project delays, cost overruns, and reduced quality due to inadequate risk identification, prevention, and control. This study examined the influence of risk management practices on the performance of projects implemented by AAH-1 in South Sudan. Methodology The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional study design. The study used primary data. The study employed semi-structured questionnaires to gather relevant information from a total of 136 project managers, supervisors, risk managers, construction firms, and finance officers. The data collected was then analyzed using SPSS, and the findings of the study were presented in graphs, pie charts, and tables. Results. The respondents were predominantly adults above 30 years (74%), with 67.5% holding a bachelor’s degree. Risk prevention was found to be highly impactful, with 87% reporting that preventive measures substantially enhanced performance. Risk control practices had a similarly strong effect, with 76% affirming their major contribution. Risk retention strategies, including self-insurance and the use of alternative plans, were also positively associated with timely project completion. Regression results showed a strong correlation (R = 0.819) and revealed that risk prevention, risk control, and risk assessment significantly predicted project performance (p < 0.05). The model explained 84.9% of the variation in project performance. Conclusion The study established that risk prevention significantly affected project performance. Risk prevention is embraced among organizations executing projects in AAH-1, South. Recommendations The management of the projects needs to ensure that the risk management practices are integrated into project implementation. Most of the practices were in place but were not effectively employed to ensure peak performance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gloria Meliku, Richard Semanda, Salongo Katerega https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Financial Accountability and Health Service Delivery in Local Governments in Uganda: A cross-sectional Case of Kamwenge Town Council.
Background. Health service delivery in Uganda continues to face persistent challenges despite decentralization reforms and financial accountability initiatives. This study examined the relationship between financial accountability and health service delivery at Kamwenge Town Council. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted, involving respondents selected from town council leaders, technical officers, CSO representatives, private sector actors, committee members, and beneficiary community members. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results. Majority of respondents were male (66%), and with 48.5% holding university degrees. Most participants (51%) had served in the Town Council for less than four years. Descriptive results showed moderate satisfaction with financial accountability practices, with the highest mean reported for financial reporting (M = 3.589). Health service delivery indicators also registered moderate performance (M = 3.469). Correlation analysis demonstrated a strong and significant relationship between financial accountability and health service delivery (r = .606, p < .05). Financial reporting (r = .526) and budgetary control (r = .656) showed stronger associations with health service delivery than financial planning (r = .231). Regression results indicated that financial accountability explains 47.1% of the variation in health service delivery (R² = .471). Budgetary control (β = .568, p < .05) and financial reporting (β = .279, p < .05) were significant predictors, while financial planning was not. Conclusion The study concludes that strengthening financial reporting systems and enforcing effective budgetary control enhances timely, efficient, and quality health services. Recommendation There is need to Improve transparency, community involvement in budgeting, capacity-building in financial reporting, and shifting from incremental to program-based budgeting.
Copyright (c) 2025 Richard Ndyabahika Biseki, Dr. Muhammed Ssendagi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Participatory budget formulation and financial management In Mbarara District, Local Government, Uganda. A cross-sectional study.
Background. Participatory budgeting has increasingly been recognized as a mechanism for strengthening transparency, accountability, and efficient financial management within decentralized local governments. This study examined the effect of participatory budget formulation on financial management. Methodology. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was employed, using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were purposively and randomly selected from respondents, including district administrators, political leaders, finance officers, heads of departments, and local citizens. Structured questionnaires, key informant interviews, and document reviews were used. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, means, standard deviations, and regression analysis, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed. Results. Males constituted 60% of respondents, most were aged 31–40 years (53.3%), and nearly half (46.7%) held bachelor’s degrees. The majority (53.3%) had served between 5–10 years, demonstrating adequate institutional experience. Participatory budget formulation was rated high (mean = 3.91, SD = 1.06), indicating active citizen involvement in identifying priorities, selecting projects, and influencing resource allocation. Regression analysis revealed that participatory budget formulation significantly predicted financial management outcomes (R² = 0.574, F = 7.52, p = 0.02), explaining 57.4% of variations in financial management. However, financial management practices were rated average (mean = 3.16, SD = 1.51), with concerns related to unequal resource distribution, political interference, delayed auditing, and misallocation of funds. Conclusion. The participatory budget formulation positively enhances financial management by improving transparency, accountability, and responsiveness to community needs. Nonetheless, implementation gaps remain. Recommendation Mbarara District should strengthen citizen engagement frameworks, minimise political influence, improve information flow, enhance financial reporting systems, and conduct continuous capacity-building for budgeting stakeholders.
Copyright (c) 2025 John Francis Kind , Dr. Muhamad Ssendagi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The relationship between electronic-funds transfer and the financial performance of commercial banks at Ecobank Burundi. A cross-sectional study.
Background As commercial banks increasingly adopt ATM services, debit and credit cards, e-cheques, and cashless systems, it remains essential to understand how these innovations contribute to financial performance in emerging economies such as Burundi. The study examined the relationship between electronic funds transfer (e-funds transfer) and the financial performance of Ecobank Burundi. Methodology A cross-sectional study design was used. The study employed a predominantly quantitative approach, but also incorporated a qualitative component. The study population consisted of 58 participants. A sample size of 49 respondents was selected using simple and purposive sampling techniques. Quantitative data analysis mainly consisted of descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (Spearman correlation, coefficient of determination, and regression). Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Results The sample comprised 52.5% males, the majority aged 30–39 years (46%) and holding bachelor’s degrees (57.4%). Univariate results revealed high adoption of e-funds transfer services, with mean values above 3.5 across all indicators. Respondents strongly agreed that Ecobank provides debit cards (M=4.77), 24-hour ATMs (M=4.50), cashless banking (M=4.41), and secure e-funds transfer systems (M=4.22). Financial performance was also rated highly, with reduced non-performing loans (M=4.58), increasing annual income (M=4.54), and growing asset base (M=4.48). Bivariate analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between e-funds transfer and financial performance (rho = .669, p = .022). Regression results confirmed that e-funds transfer significantly predicts financial performance (β = .567, p < .01), with the model explaining 70.3% of the variation (Adjusted R² = .703). Conclusion The study establishes that increased adoption of e-funds transfer enhances efficiency, reduces fraud, promotes customer convenience, and strengthens overall financial performance. Recommendation Ecobank Burundi should aim to expand ATM coverage, reinforce cybersecurity measures, and continuously upgrade digital banking platforms to sustain performance gains.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zuleha Omar, Dr. Muhammad Ssendagi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Finance Access and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Ntahangwa –Division, Bujumbura Capital City, Burundi. A cross-sectional study.
Background. SMEs contribute significantly to economic development, yet their growth is often constrained by limited financial access. This study investigates the influence of access to finance on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Ntahangwa Division, Bujumbura Capital City, Burundi. Methodology. The study employed a descriptive study design, and a cross-sectional design was also used. The study used a respondent sample of 338 SMEs operating in Ntahangwa Division. Quantitative data are presented using descriptive statistical methods, including tables, charts, and graphs, depending on the data obtained. Qualitative techniques were used to analyze qualitative data from the views of respondents. Results Most respondents were female (55.71%), aged between 40 and 59 years (37.9%), and predominantly operated family-owned businesses (62.6%). Pearson correlation analysis showed significant positive relationships between SME performance and cost of credit (r = .40, p < .01), collateral security (r = .636, p < .01), access to financial information (r = .551, p < .01), and accessibility of financial institutions (r = .860, p < .05). Regression analysis indicates that each of the four financial access variables had a statistically significant predictive effect on SME performance, with accessibility of financial institutions emerging as the strongest predictor (β = .860). Conclusion. Improved financial access strongly enhances SME performance. High interest rates, stringent collateral requirements, limited financial information, and poor institutional outreach hinder business growth and profitability. Recommendation. Financial institutions should reduce credit costs, relax collateral conditions, increase information dissemination, and expand outreach through community-based mechanisms. Policymakers should also strengthen financial inclusion strategies to promote SME sustainability and competitiveness in Ntahangwa Division.
Section of Business administration/management
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Muhamad Ssendagi, Nina Niyokuri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Examining the relationship between staff workshops and health service delivery in Kaliro District Local Government. A cross-sectional study.
Background The study aims to assess the relationship between staff workshops and health service delivery in Kaliro District Local Government. Methodology This study adopted a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional survey design, utilising a mixed-methods approach that integrated both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis techniques. Results The majority of respondents were female (58%). The statement "The workshops improve my knowledge and skills in health service delivery" received the highest mean score of 4.11 (SD = 0.85), suggesting strong agreement among respondents that the workshops are beneficial in enhancing their competencies in service delivery. A high level of agreement was noted for the statement "I can apply what I learn in workshops to my daily work", which recorded a mean score of 3.97 (SD = 0.90), indicating that the knowledge and skills acquired during the workshops are perceived as practically applicable. The relevance of workshop content was also rated favorably. The statement "Staff workshops are relevant to my daily roles and responsibilities" yielded a mean of 3.92 (SD = 0.96), while "The workshops are facilitated by knowledgeable and competent trainers" scored 3.84 (SD = 0.89). With regard to workshop logistics and participation, respondents generally agreed that the district regularly organises staff workshops, with this item achieving a mean of 3.70 (SD = 1.02). In summary, the data suggest that staff workshops in Kaliro District are generally well-organised, relevant, and impactful. Conclusion Increasing the frequency, relevance, and quality of staff workshops contributes significantly to improved knowledge, skills, and service delivery performance. Staff workshops are a critical driver of effective health service delivery at the local government level. Recommendations Local government health authorities should design and implement a structured workshop schedule based on assessed training needs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Catherine Harriet Ajilong, Dr. Nassir Fawz Mulumba, Edmand Bakashaba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
A cross-sectional study on the relationship between fraud detection technologies and the profitability of commercial banks in Kampala Central Business District.
Background This study examined the relationship between fraud detection technologies and the profitability of commercial banks in Kampala Central Business District. Methods A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional survey design with a mixed-methods approach was employed. The target population comprised 290 employees from 12 commercial banks, including risk managers, operations managers, finance managers, internal auditors, and other staff. A sample of 165 respondents was selected using purposive sampling for managerial staff and stratified sampling for other employees. Data were collected via self-administered questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and documentary reviews of financial reports and risk management policies. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation/regression analysis, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results The study achieved a 90.9% response rate. Respondents were predominantly male (56.7%), aged 31–40 years (60.7%), with 56% holding bachelor’s degrees. OTP verification and SMS alerts were the most widely adopted fraud detection tools (Mean = 3.20, SD = 1.02; Mean = 3.05, SD = 0.98), whereas facial/voice recognition and AI-based monitoring recorded low uptake (Mean ≤ 2.20). Profitability indicators were weak: ROA (Mean = 2.65, SD = 0.88), ROE (Mean = 2.72, SD = 0.91), net interest margin (Mean = 2.56, SD = 0.95), and dividend payout (Mean = 2.44, SD = 0.89). Correlation analysis showed a strong positive association between fraud detection technologies and profitability (r = 0.836, p = 0.001). Regression analysis confirmed fraud detection technologies as a significant predictor of profitability (β = 0.568, t = 9.42, p < 0.001), explaining 73.5% of variance (R² = 0.735). Conclusion Effective fraud detection technologies are crucial for enhancing profitability in banks operating in fraud-prone environments. Recommendation Commercial banks should invest in advanced fraud detection systems, integrate AI and real-time monitoring, and continuously train staff while updating algorithms to counter evolving fraud risks.
Section of Management information systems
Copyright (c) 2025 Francis Kasamba, Abas Rutaro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Cocoa Production and the Socioeconomic Development of Rural Communities: A Cross-Sectional Study of Mabere Sub-County, Bundibugyo District.
Background This study examined the relationship between cocoa production and the socio-economic development of Mabere Sub-County, Bundibugyo District. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cocoa production and the socio-economic development of Mabere Sub-County, Bundibugyo District. Methodology A descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional survey design was employed. The study population comprised 3,000 stakeholders involved in cocoa production within Mabere Sub-County. The sample size of 341 respondents was selected. Stratified and purposive sampling techniques were applied to ensure representation and relevance. Primary data were collected using questionnaires complemented by a documentary review checklist for secondary data. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results The study achieved a 73.3% response rate (n=250). Respondents were predominantly male (64.8%), aged 31–40 years (48.4%), and married (73.6%). Education levels were generally low, with 32.8% having PLE, 27.2% certificates, and only 0.8% bachelor’s degrees. Experience in cocoa production showed 41.2% had 3–5 years, 35.6% than 2 years, and 23.2% than 6 years. Cocoa production practices scored low (Mean=2.422, SD=0.163); land preparation (1.870) and fertilizer use (1.879) were least practiced, while pest control scored highest (4.294, SD=0.155). Socio-economic development indicators also rated low (Mean=2.144, SD=0.227), with poor healthcare access (1.436), electricity (1.834), and income (1.829). Education (2.325), roads (2.314), and capital access (2.610) were moderately better. Correlation showed a strong positive relationship (r=0.832, p=0.011), and regression confirmed significance (β=0.681, R²=0.611, F=29.36, p<0.001). Conclusion Cocoa production significantly contributes to livelihoods in Mabere Sub-County but is constrained by low agronomic adoption and limited socio-economic support. Recommendation enhancing farmer training, improving access to inputs, strengthening cooperatives, and developing rural infrastructure to boost cocoa productivity and socio-economic development in Mabere Sub-County.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nathan Masereka, Abas Rutaro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Relationship between the physical environment and organizational performance. A case of the Sheema district local government. A cross-sectional study.
Background Hygiene factors encompass aspects such as work environment, salary, and business regulations. This study aims to examine the relationship between the physical environment and organizational performance. Methodology A cross-sectional study employing a correlational research design. The Unit of analysis was a local government, and the study targeted all local governments in Sheema District, which provided 160 technical staff from whom a sample of 115 respondents was drawn. Quantitative data analysis was done using SPSS, and qualitative data was analyzed through the thematic analysis procedures. Results 32.7% had worked for 16 to 20 years. Most of the respondents were from the administration (48%). Respondents were asked whether they had an office where they sat, and 96.9% agreed. When asked whether the work environment was always clean, 89.8% agreed. On whether they did not share offices at the workplace, 89.8% agreed. When asked whether the arrangement of office equipment allowed smooth workflow, 90.8% agreed. On whether they had an office computer, 70.4% agreed. On whether employees had enough office furniture, 75.5% of the respondents agreed. When asked whether they timely received office supplies, 78.6% of the respondents agreed. When asked whether people were appreciating the quality of services they offered, 51.0% agreed. They were also asked whether there was limited resource wastage, and 61.2% of the respondents agreed. There is a significant positive relationship between the physical environment and organizational performance among local governments in western Uganda, explained by the r coefficient (r = .699, P≤.01). Conclusions There is a positive and significant relationship between the work physical environment and organizational performance among local governments in western Uganda (r = .111, P≤.01). Recommendations. Local governments try to budget for infrastructure development in terms of constructing buildings in order to provide enough office space to avoid officers sharing offices.
Copyright (c) 2025 Enid Akankunda, Anthony Dr. Mpairwe (Phd), Dr. Robert Turyamureba (Post. Doc); SJ Business Research Africa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance: a case of Sheema district local government. A cross-sectional study.
Background The term 'organizational performance' is commonly used yet lacks a universally agreed-upon definition. The study aims to assess the relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance, a case of Sheema District Local Government. Methodology A cross-sectional study employing a correlational research design. The Unit of analysis was a local government, and the study targeted all local governments in Sheema District, with a sample of 115 respondents. Quantitative data analysis was done using SPSS, and qualitative data was analyzed through the thematic analysis procedures. Results The majority, 32.6% were aged between 26 and 35 years. Respondents were asked whether there were clear communication channels; 66.9% agreed. On whether the employees were trained on the best work practices, 83.7% agreed. When respondents were asked whether the stakeholders followed policy as they performed their duties, 79.8% agreed. On whether the employee participated in policy development, 51.0% agreed. When respondents were asked whether there was constant policy review for work improvement, 60.1% agreed. Respondents were asked whether their district was one of the best-performing in Uganda, and 66.9% agreed. When asked whether they got positive feedback from the community, 83.7% agreed. The correlational analysis indicated a significant positive relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance among local governments, as shown by (r =.425*, P≤.05). Conclusions There is an association and, actually, an effect of organizational culture on organizational performance. There is a significant positive relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance among local governments in western Uganda, as shown by (r =.425*, P≤.05). Recommendations The organizational culture should not only be limited to the national policies, but the cultural practices of a given local government can be made in the form of local policies and regularly communicated to the stakeholders.
Copyright (c) 2025 Enid Akankunda, Anthony Dr. Mpairwe (Phd), Dr. Robert Turyamureba (Post. Doc) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
A cross-sectional study on the effect of participatory budget implementation and monitoring on learners’ academic performance in government-aided primary schools in Kitagwenda District.
Background Participatory budgeting (PB) is a democratic process that enables community members, including parents, teachers, learners, and other stakeholders, to actively engage in deciding how a portion of a public budget is allocated and spent. This study assesses the effect of participatory budget implementation and monitoring on learners’ academic performance in government-aided primary schools in Kitagwenda District. Methodology. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design with a mixed methods approach was employed. Respondents were sampled using purposive and systematic random sampling techniques. Data were collected using questionnaires, interview guides, and documentary review checklists. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS version 20.0, while qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Results. Majority of the participants were SMC Chairpersons with 57 (17.4%), 95 (28.9%) had between 1 and 3 years of service, Participatory Budget Implementation has a significant positive correlation with end of term exam scores (r = 0.579, p < 0.01), grade progression rate (r = 0.540, p < 0.01), and PLE grades (r = 0.622, p < 0.01). Participatory Budget Monitoring has the strongest correlations, with values of 0.601 for end-of-term exam scores, 0.559 for grade progression, and 0.647 for PLE grades, all significant at p < 0.01. The regression coefficients results showed that Participatory Budget Monitoring has the strongest effect among the three predictors, with a B value of 0.376 and a beta of 0.356 Conclusion. Participatory budget implementation and monitoring each have significant positive influences on academic outcomes. Schools that actively involve various stakeholders, such as school staff, parents, and community members, in budgeting activities tend to experience better academic results. Recommendation. School administration should institutionalize participatory budgeting practices by ensuring the consistent involvement of all stakeholders, including teachers, parents, finance committees, and student leaders, throughout the stages of budget formulation, implementation, and monitoring.
Copyright (c) 2025 Edison Mugarura, Dr. Donath Asiimire, Dr. Ronald Bahati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Effect of participatory budget formulation on learners’ academic performance in government-aided primary schools in Kitagwenda District. A cross-section.
Background Learners’ academic performance in government-aided primary schools remains a global concern, with persistent learning deficits, unequal resource allocation, and varying pass rates observed across countries. This study assesses the effect of participatory budget formulation on learners’ academic performance in government-aided primary schools in Kitagwenda District. Methodology. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design with a mixed methods approach was employed. Respondents were sampled using purposive and systematic random sampling techniques. Data were collected using questionnaires, interview guides, and documentary review checklists. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, while qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Results. Majority 210 (64.0%) of the participants were male, 95 (28.9%) had between 1 and 3 years of service, Participatory budget formulation had a moderate to strong positive correlation with all three academic performance indicators: end of term examination scores (r = 0.563, p < 0.01), grade progression rate (r = 0.551, p < 0.01), and PLE examination grades (r = 0.604, p < 0.01). Regression analysis showed that Participatory Budget Formulation has a positive coefficient of 0.312, meaning that a one-unit increase in formulation is associated with a 0.312-unit increase in academic performance, with a moderate effect size (beta = 0.321) and high significance. Conclusion. Participatory budget formulation plays a crucial role in enhancing learners’ academic performance in government-aided primary schools. Recommendation. School administration should institutionalize participatory budgeting practices by ensuring the consistent involvement of all stakeholders, including teachers, parents, finance committees, and student leaders, throughout the stages of budget formulation.
Effect of organizational structure on organizational performance of local governments in western Uganda: A case of Sheema district local government headquarters. A cross-sectional study.
Background Employee efficiency plays a crucial role in an organization’s success and long-term viability. The study aims to analyze the relationship between organizational structure and organizational performance, taking the case of Sheema District Local Government. Methodology The study employed a cross-sectional correlational research design. The Unit of analysis was a local government, and the study targeted all local governments in Sheema District, which provided 160 technical staff from whom a sample of 115 respondents was drawn. Data was collected using questionnaires (which were pre-tested for validity and reliability) and interview guides. Quantitative data analysis was conducted using SPSS, and qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis procedures. Results The majority of the respondents were males (62. 2%) while the females took a minority portion of 37.8%. When asked whether the employee knew who they reported to in relation to the organizational structure, 83.7% of the respondents agreed. On whether the structure clearly defined the reporting channel and whether employees know people who reported to them, 79.8% of the respondents agreed. When asked whether they got instructions from their supervisors, respondents at 71.4% with the statement. 65.3% of the respondents also agreed to the statement that the organizational structure was regularly reviewed. Correlation analysis shows that there is a significant positive relationship between organizational structure and organizational performance, based on data generated from Sheema District (r = .758**, P≤.01). Conclusions If the organization is not arranged consistently with operations and processes, the performance will be negatively affected, and vice versa. Recommendations Local governments should always base their organizational structures on policy and also ensure appropriate budgeting for human resource needs, in addition to lobbying the central government to provide enough human resources to fill manpower gaps for the appropriate functioning of their local governments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Enid Akankunda, Dr. Mpairwe Anthony (PhD), Dr. Robert Turyamureba (Post. Doc) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
A cross-sectional study on the relationship between political and administrative conflicts and service delivery in Kyenjonjo District Local Government
Background Despite the government establishing Boards and Commissions to improve the management process of the Local Government under the decentralization system in Uganda, service delivery remains weak. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between political conflicts and service delivery in Kyenjonjo District Local Government. Methodology The study undertook a cross-sectional survey design characterized by both qualitative and quantitative methods. The target population of the study was 75 individuals, of whom 62 were selected. The respondents were selected using simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected from the selected respondents using a structured questionnaire and the interview guide. (SPSS) was used for data processing and analysis. Results 65% of the study participants were males, and 43.3% of the respondents had a bachelor's degree. A strong negative relationship was observed between political conflicts and service delivery, with a correlation coefficient of -0.714 and a significance level of p = 0.001. The study also found a significant negative correlation between administrative conflicts and service delivery, with a correlation coefficient of -0.694 and a significance value of p = 0.002. The Chief Administrative Officer (CAO) said, "Service delivery in the district faces numerous challenges, primarily due to limited financial resources and delays in funding from the central government. Even when funds are released, bureaucratic bottlenecks affect implementation timelines.” Conclusion The findings clearly demonstrate that political and administrative conflicts significantly and negatively impact service delivery in Kyenjonjo District Local Government. Recommendation The local government should strengthen political-administrative collaboration by establishing clear boundaries between political and technical roles to reduce interference in administrative decisions and foster cooperation in service delivery.
Copyright (c) 2025 Agapito Makondere, Dr. Muhammad Ssendagi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Operation Wealth Creation and Rural Household Food Security in Ntungamo District: A Case of Rugarama Sub County. Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey Design.
Background The provision of agricultural inputs plays a crucial role in improving farm productivity and ensuring food security for rural households. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of agricultural input provision on crop yields and food security among rural households in Rugarama sub-county, Ntungamo District. Methodology The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. A sample of 141 respondents was selected through simple random and purposive sampling techniques, with data collected using questionnaires and interview guides. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Results 130 respondents participated in this study; males were 80 (61.5%), while the females accounted for 50 (38.5%). 25(19.2%), were aged 20-29 years, 40(30.8%) were aged 30-39 years, 35(26.9%), were aged 40-49 years and 30(23.1%) above 50 years. Provision of Agricultural Inputs (β = 0.215, p-value = 0.001) has a positive and significant effect, indicating that increased input provision leads to higher crop production levels. Provision of Agricultural Inputs (β = 0.192, p-value = 0.002) has a positive and significant effect on livestock numbers and output. For household food stocks, the provision of Agricultural Inputs (β = 0.182, p-value = 0.006) significantly increases food stocks. For the food price index, the results show that Provision of Agricultural Inputs (β = 0.152, p-value = 0.031) significantly affects food prices, with a positive relationship suggesting that agricultural input provision helps stabilize food prices. Conclusion Provision of agricultural inputs under Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) has significantly improved food production in Rugarama Sub-County, though its impact is constrained by irregular supply, poor targeting, and inadequate sensitization. Recommendation Enhancing the consistency and coverage of OWC services, improving rural infrastructure, and ensuring equitable access to agricultural resources and markets.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mathius Mujurizi , Proffesor Muriisa K Roberts , Dr. Rwangire Milton https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE COMPETENCE, EMPLOYEE BEHAVIOR, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AT OXFAM-SOUTH SUDAN, A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Background Worldwide, including at regional and national levels, the demand for effective and competent employees in organizations continues to increase due to a dynamic global marketplace and heightened competition. The study aims to assess the relationship between Employee competence, Employee behavior, Organizational behavior, and organizational performance. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study, using the case study of OXFAM, was conducted to obtain information on the performance of NGOs regarding the variables. Quantitative methods, namely questionnaires, enabled the researcher to gather large-scale data in a relatively shorter time frame. Results 57% were males and 43% were females. There is a significant positive relationship between Employee competence and organizational performance (r = 0.696, P-value < 0.01). There is a significant positive relationship between Employee behavior and Organizational performance (r = 0.660, P-value < 0.01). There is a significant positive relationship between Employee competence and Organizational performance (r = 0.696, P-value <0.01) and between Organizational behavior and Organizational performance (r = 0.660, P-value < 0.01). R value (R= 0.567) represents a simple correlation between Employee competence, Organizational behavior, and Organizational performance. The value of R2 (0.322) shows that Employee competence and Organizational behavior account for 32.2% of the variation of Organizational performance. A change in employee competence increases organizational performance by 0.495 (Beta = 0.495). Conclusion Employee competency, organizational culture, and organizational behavior play a big role in the improvement of organizational performance. There is an overall positive effect on employee job performance (80%) resulting from possession of academic, leadership, communication, and problem-solving competencies at OXFAM. Recommendation The organizations should try to improve their Employee competency strategies by using employees with good values and norms who will be able to implement effective strategies for a better and improved organizational culture.
organizational performance at OXFAM-South Sudan
Copyright (c) 2025 Charles Chok Lieny , Godfrey Onyango, Mohammed Sendagi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROCUREMENT CONTRACT PRICING, PROCUREMENT CONTRACT PAYMENT TERMS AND SOCIAL SERVICE DELIVERY IN KIBAALE DISTRICT. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Background The relationship between local governments, contract management, and social service delivery has undergone significant transformations over the years. The study aims to assess the relationship between procurement contract pricing, procurement contract payment terms, and social service delivery in the Kibaale district. Methodology This study used a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional survey design covering a period of four years (2020 to 2023). The study population included staff at the Kibaale district local government, service providers in the Kibaale district, and members of the public. Results The correlation between Procurement Contract Pricing and Social Service Delivery was 0.463 with sig. 0.002 (p < 0.05). The correlation coefficient of 0.463 indicates a moderately strong positive correlation between procurement contract pricing and social service delivery at a significance level of 0.002 (p < 0.05). The correlation between Contract Payment Terms and Social Service Delivery is 0.797 with Significance (2-tailed): 0.001 (p < 0.05). The correlation coefficient of 0.797 indicates a strong positive correlation between contract payment terms and social service delivery. The significance level of 0.001 (p < 0.05) The coefficient for procurement contract pricing is 7.127, and The standardized coefficient (Beta) is 0.016, signifying the contribution of pricing to social service delivery. The coefficient for procurement contract payment terms is 6.561, suggesting that improved payment terms lead to a 6.561 unit increase in social service delivery. The standardized coefficient (Beta) is 0.013. Conclusion The relationship between procurement contract pricing and social service delivery is unlikely to have occurred by chance and efficient and well-managed payment terms were associated with improved social service delivery outcomes. Recommendations Kibaale District local government should implement measures to ensure transparency and fairness in procurement contract pricing, including clear guidelines, documentation, and oversight mechanisms.
Copyright (c) 2024 Dennis Kajuma , Dr. Ssendagi Muhammad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
ACCOUNTABILITY AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN UGAND AT HOIMA DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Background: Accountability is the principal measure of both local government and central government service delivery since it guarantees the principles and procedures for a sound fiscal policy and macroeconomic management. The study aims to assess the accountability and service delivery in local governments in Uganda Hoima district local government. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design is characterized by a quantitative approach to expressing the numerical information captured during the study. Correlation was used to establish the relationship between the objectives of the study and cross-sectional design since the study collected data at a point in time and had no follow-up. Results: 55% of the respondents were males and 45% were females, 14% of the respondents were single, 60% were married, 14% were separated and 12% were widowed. Financial accountability ensures that funds are allocated appropriately and efficiently to different services and programs with a mean score of 4.1. Administrative accountability ensures that relevant information about government programs, policies, and resources is made accessible to the public, resulting in enhanced service delivery with a mean score of 4.5. There is a positive correlation between political accountability and service delivery, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.673. There is a high level of agreement among the respondents on the importance of political accountability in ensuring effective service delivery in Hoima District Local Government. Conclusion: Accountability in the form of financial, administrative, and political accountability has a positive impact on service delivery in the Hoima District local government. Strengthening accountability mechanisms in these areas can potentially lead to improved service delivery outcomes. Recommendations: The government should promote transparency and accountability by disclosing information regarding actions and decisions to the public and encouraging citizen participation in policy-making processes.
Copyright (c) 2024 Solomon Businge, Muhammad Sendagi, Edmand Bakashaba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
LOCAL GOVERNMENT BUREACRACY AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN KIKUUBE DISTRICT, UGANDA. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Background: Service delivery dates back to the earliest days of civilization. Ancient societies had systems in place to provide necessities such as food, shelter, and healthcare. The study aims to assess the local government bureaucracy and service delivery in Kikuube District. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional correlational research design was used to establish the relationship between bureaucracy and service delivery survey design and adopted a quantitative paradigm. Variables were measured and analyzed using numbers, pre-determined hypotheses, population, procedure, and instrument and data analysis techniques. Results: 65% of the respondents were male while females were 35%. The correlation between procurement bureaucracies and service delivery in the Kikuube District was -0.491. There is a strong agreement among respondents regarding the impact of procurement bureaucracies on service delivery. Discretionary powers in bureaucratic procurement processes were used for personal gain, undermining service delivery. The correlation between finance bureaucracies and service delivery was 0.625. Finance bureaucracies establish financial controls and procedures that ensure compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, guaranteeing public funds. The correlation between human resource bureaucracies and service delivery was 0.673. Local government plays a significant role in recruiting and selecting competent individuals, evidenced by the mean response of 4.0. Implementing performance management systems, including performance appraisals, feedback mechanisms, and reward systems, is rated very low with a mean response of 1.2. Conclusion: Different types of bureaucracies within the local government have varying effects on service delivery. While procurement bureaucracies may hinder service delivery, finance, and human resource bureaucracies are associated with improved service delivery. Recommendation: The local government should address the bureaucratic procedures causing delays in the procurement process, Simplify and expedite the procurement procedures to reduce delays, and restrict the number of potential service providers.
Copyright (c) 2024 Francis Abitekaniza, Muhammad Sendagi, Bakashaba Edmand https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The impact of e-banking on the performance of DFCU bank at Wandegeya branch, Kampala Uganda. A cross-section study.
Background. Implementing e-banking in Uganda is a complex and challenging process. It has brought benefits in areas such as SMS, Internet, Online Banking, and real-time gross settlement. There are still challenges in realizing increased productivity, quality improvement in services, and cost and time savings in operations. This study aimed at establishing the impact of E-Banking on the Performance of DFCU Bank at the Wandegeya branch, Kampala, Uganda. Methodology. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, and data were collected quantitatively using questionnaires and interview guides from 171 study participants who included staff of DFCU bank and customers. The study participants were selected using a stratified sampling and a simple random sampling method, and the Sample size was determined using Helen’s assumption. Data was analyzed automatically using SPSS. Results. 90(52.6%) of the study participants were Female, and 75 (43.8%) of the respondents were single. There was a strong relationship between electronic commerce progression and information technology on Pearson Correlation, where r = 0.874. 85(49.7%) of the respondents were of the agree opinion that, electronic commerce have improved customers satisfaction, 7l (100%) of the respondents were of the agree opinion that their banks places more emphasis in all the electronic commerce threat to determine its effectiveness and 80(46.8%) of respondents were of the agree opinion that electronic commerce system has made commerce transaction easier. Conclusion. The adoption of information technology with elements such as electronic commerce has enhanced DFCU Bank of Uganda's efficiency by making it more productive and effective. Electronic. Recommendation. The banks must be focused on their needs and use the right technology to achieve their goals. Rather than acquiring the technology of internet commerce because other banks have it.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ismail Bashir Ali, Geofrey Tugume https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT, MONITORING, AND PERFORMANCE OF LOANS IN SELECTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KAMWENGE DISTRICT. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Background Credit risk management refers to the practice of assessing and managing the potential risks associated with lending money to borrowers or extending credit to customers and clients. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between credit risk assessment, monitoring, and performance of loans in selected commercial banks in Kamwenge District. Methodology Descriptive correlational and cross-sectional study. A sample of 75 respondents was selected from a population of 94 employees of the selected banks in Kamwenge District Results There was a strong positive correlation of 628 between credit risk assessment and the performance of loans in selected commercial banks in Kamwenge District. The correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed) further reinforcing the strength of the relationship between credit risk assessment and loan performance. The better the credit risk assessment practices in the banks, the better the performance of the loans they provide. The correlation between credit risk monitoring and the performance of loans is 0.622. This value indicates a strong positive correlation between credit risk monitoring and the performance of loans in the selected commercial banks. The correlation is statistically significant with a p-value of .000, indicating that the relationship between credit risk monitoring and loan performance is not due to random chance. Conclusion There is a strong positive correlation between credit risk assessment, credit risk monitoring, and the performance of loans in commercial banks in Kamwenge District. Recommendation Commercial banks should establish robust mechanisms for ongoing monitoring of credit risk exposure and borrower behavior. Regularly assess and review the credit quality of loans in the portfolio to identify early warning signals of potential defaults or credit deterioration.
Copyright (c) 2024 JIMMY NAMARA, Mohammad Ssendagi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Effect of the relationship between leadership and strategic management on business growth and development in South Sudan. A cross-sectional study.
Background This study aims to document the effect of the relationship between leadership and strategic management on business growth and development in South Sudan. Leadership has a significant impact on the strategic management process. Especially, it helps to determine the vision and mission of the organization. Further, it facilitates the organization to execute effective strategies to achieve that vision. The study reveals that leadership and strategic management serve as a link between the soul and the body of an organization. Therefore, this study seeks to assess the effect of the relationship between leadership and strategic management on business growth and development in South Sudan. Methodology The study design was cross-sectional with both qualitative and quantitative approaches employed. The study was conducted in Juba County, Central Equatorial State. Results The relationship between leadership and strategic management in business growth and development in South Sudan scores, most people in Juba like quick money indicating respondents agreed that youth love for quick money is one of the roles of Leadership and management that it plays in Organizations and businesses in South Sudan to ensure quality training of the employees, limited organizations and business training institutions, most employers do not consider quality education, and most jobs in Juba are taken by foreigners. Conclusion Findings revealed that most of the respondents indicated low levels of education, high taxes, high Government expenditure on unnecessary things, expensive operational costs, expensive necessities like electricity, and poor subsidies given to Businesses and organizations, indicating that Leadership and management had not met the expectations. Recommendation The government must be transparent. Transparency can be ensured through clear and simple criteria for evaluating taxes, clearly defined competitive tax subsidy incentives, well-defined institutional responsibilities, adequate monitoring and supervision of the leadership and management in Organizations and businesses.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jamal Abdi Farah, Kenneth Nyesige https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TAX REGISTRATION AND TAX COMPLIANCE AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN BWAISE SLUM KAMPALA UGANDA. A CROSS–SECTIONAL STUDY.
Objective To examine the relationship between tax registration (Identification of legal taxpayers/businesses, issuing TIN numbers, location & addresses of business/ taxpayers, Registration procedures.) and tax compliance (Tax filing, Tax reporting, and Tax payment) among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Bwaise slum Kampala Uganda. Methods The study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted in registered SMEs in Bwaise slum Kampala Uganda. The study used a sample size of 173 SMEs in Bwaise slum Kampala Uganda Results Identification of legal taxpayers is significantly associated with tax compliance (tax filing, tax reporting, and tax payment), with p-values 0.000, 0.001, and 0.002 at significant levels of 0.01 (1%) respectively. Issuing a Tax Identification Number (TIN) is statistically significantly associated with tax compliance (tax filing and tax reporting), with p-values 0.000 and 0.003 at P<0.01 respectively. However, TIN is not statistically significantly associated with tax payment, with a p-value of 0.240. Tax registration procedures are significantly associated with tax filing and tax reporting, with p-values of 0.020 and 0.047 at P<0.05. Thus weak correlation though significant. Tax registration procedures are not significantly associated with tax payment, p-value of 0.270. Conclusion It was evidenced that, the identification of legal taxpayers is statistically significant and positively correlated to tax compliance (tax filing, tax reporting, and tax payment). Recommendation The tax authority should adopt early enforcement strategies like following up on the 1st return in the 1st month of registration to encourage compliance. Therefore, new registrations should be issued tax clearances that are valid for less than or equal to 3 months only so that they are pursued to keep a relationship with the tax authority.
Copyright (c) 2024 Hajarah Nimidde https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
A CORRELATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON AGENCY BANKING AND FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN LIRA DISTRICT, UGANDA.
Background: This study investigated the relationship between agency banking and financial inclusion in Lira District, Uganda. It examined the relationship between agency withdraws, agency deposits, agency transfers, and financial inclusion in Lira District. Methods: The study employed a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional research design with both qualitative and quantitative approaches, data was collected from employees of selected commercial banks, bank agents, bank customers, and opinion leaders. Convenience, purposive, and simple random sampling techniques were utilized to select 332 respondents. Primary data was gathered through self-administered questionnaires and interviews, while secondary data was obtained from documents and reports. Validity was ensured through expert judgment, while reliability was assessed using a test-retest method. Ethical considerations were addressed by obtaining permissions and ensuring confidentiality. Data was analyzed using SPSS software, including correlation and multiple regression analyses. Results: The overall number of male responses across all categories was 217 (67%), with 103 (32.2%) being female. The correlation coefficient for agency withdrawals and financial inclusion was 0.727. This suggests that the observed relationship between agency withdrawals and financial inclusion was statistically significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). The correlation coefficient for agency deposits and financial inclusion was 0.673. with a moderately strong positive linear relationship between agency deposits and financial inclusion. The correlation between agency transfers and financial inclusion was 0.728 with a strong positive correlation between agency transfers and financial inclusion. This significance value is below the commonly used threshold of 0.05, indicating that the correlation is statistically significant. Conclusion: The regression analysis indicated that agency banking activities including withdrawals, transfers, and deposits, were positively associated with financial inclusion in Lira District. Recommendations: There is a need to promote agency banking services, focusing on agency deposits, improving trust and confidence, enhancing convenience and flexibility, targeting underserved populations, and continuous monitoring and evaluation.
Copyright (c) 2024 Wilson Ogong, Hope Evelyn Kyokunda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
CHALLENGES FACING SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES GROWTH AS OF THE BUDGETARY PROCESS IN KATWE BUTEGO PARISH, MASAKA DISTRICT; A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY.
Background. The study aimed to identify the challenges facing small-scale enterprise growth as of the budgetary process in Katwe Butego Sub County. Methodology The study used several methods to collect data including questionnaires, interviews, and observation. The proposed research design was a cross-section survey based on a simple random sampling in which the sampled area represented the whole area. The study adopted quantitative methods of data collection at one point in time, analyzed, and interpreted to generate results. Results Regarding the nationality of the owners of the enterprises, the majority of 90.0% were Ugandan, and 4% of the SMEs were owned by Indians. Only one respondent is of Tanzanian origin. The results show the dominance of Ugandans in business, particularly Masaka district. The study established that lack of financial capital affected the performance of small and medium entrepreneurial initiatives. The interest rates were high to promote investment and innovations in the SME sector creation of new products in the market because of lack of capital. Besides, because most SMEs could not collateralize their enterprise, they could not easily invest in expansion. Conclusion A friendly tax policy is instrumental to the survival and growth of these small and medium enterprises. Therefore, if SMEs are to flourish, an appropriate tax policy that will not be an encumbrance to SMEs and which will also encourage voluntary compliance needs to be ground. Recommendations The government should come to improve production infrastructure. This should be through an increase in electricity generation to support SME initiatives and responsiveness by power generating companies in handling of electricity problems of SMEs whenever they occur. The cost of electricity should be brought down for SMEs to be able to afford it.
Copyright (c) 2024 Naluima Cissy , Mr. Tugume Geofrey https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
ISLAMIC BANKING SYSTEM LOANS (QARD HASSAN) OF AMAL BANK BOSASO AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SOMALIA; A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Background This study aims to establish the relationship between Islamic Banking System loans (Qard Hassan) of Amal Bank Bosaso and the economic growth of Somalia. Methodology This study adopted a correlation research design based on a quantitative research approach. Quantitative research involves the generation of data in quantitative form, which can be subjected to rigorous quantitative analysis formally and rigidly. The study population was composed of Islamic Banking System service providers in this case Amal Bank, Bosaso, and the Islamic Banking System service beneficiaries (Poor or low-income earners) living in Bosaso officials. The target population is 96 respondents and among these are 25 Amal Bank, Bosaso employees, and 71 Customers / Islamic banking system beneficiaries (poor and low-income earners). Results Findings on the relationship between Islamic Banking System loans (Qard Hassan) revealed that there is a strong positive significant relationship between Islamic Banking System loans (Qard Hassan) of Amal Bank Bosaso and the economic growth of Somalia since (r=.951, p<0.05). This is indicated by Pearson Correlation co-efficient of 0.979 and significance of 0.000 which rejects the hypothesis and thus shows that there is a strong positive significant relationship between Islamic Banking System loans (Qard Hassan) of Amal Bank Bosaso and the economic growth of Somalia. Conclusion The role of Islamic banking systems, with an emphasis on the effect of the Islamic banking system on economic growth, has been discussed. They showed how banking system systems can affect economic growth. Recommendations The study recommends that bankers should promote these products intensively via advertising and effective marketing strategies to increase the market share. The service quality of Islamic banking is an important factor driving bank customers.
Islamic Banking System loans (Qard Hassan)
Copyright (c) 2024 Mohamed Bashir Warsame, DR. BADRU KIZZA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0